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In some situations, you will need
to modify the data type of a variable.

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So for example, you want to
change an integer to a float,

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or an integer to a boolean,
a string to a float, etc.

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And we have actually a
good example here to work on.

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The input function, as you saw
before, always returns a string.

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Okay, even if you give a number.

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So then if you need to work with
the number you got from the input,

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you're going to have a
problem because, well, this

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number will actually be
a string, not a number.

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So you need to change the type for
the variable, and this is called cast.

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Okay, you are going to cast the type.

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And to cast a variable, it's very easy.

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Okay, so let's see with an example.

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Let's say you want to
cast a string, okay, two.

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So we have the string here, a is a string.

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So if I do type a, I have a string.

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I want to cast a to an integer.

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In this case, I simply do int a, okay.

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You simply use the final data type
you want, and then in parentheses,

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you put the variable or
the value you have now.

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Okay, if I do int a, you can see
now I have 67 without the quotes.

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And if I do type int a,
now this is of class int.

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So this way you can
change a value here from

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whatever data type it
is to the data type int.

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You can also do the reverse if you want.

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You can cast something into a string.

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Let's say I want to cast 34.

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This is going to give the string 34.

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You can cast int to float,
for example, float from three.

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It's going to give 3.0.

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You can do the opposite.

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Int, let's say 3.0, is going to give three.

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And let's see, for example, 3.7.

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What do we have here?

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We have just three, okay.

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This is important when
you cast a float number to an

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integer number, the number
is going to be truncated.

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Okay, so whatever is after
the comma is going to be lost.

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Okay, so that's important to know.

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And then, so we can also
cast a boolean to an integer.

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Let's see that.

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Int true is going to give one.

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And int false is going to give zero.

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Okay, so actually, if you want
to see a boolean with numbers,

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well, when you have
zero, it's going to be false.

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Okay, if you have one,
it's going to be true.

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But in fact, if you have any
other number, it's going to be true.

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If you want to do, let's say,
bool from 34, it's going to be true.

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bool from minus one is going to be true.

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The only value which is
going to give false is zero.

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All right, and with that, you can
cast any type to any other type.