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[no audio]

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Friends, here we are going to discuss

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about 'if-else' conditional statement.

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So before going to enter with your 'if-else' conditional statements,

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already, we know simple 'if' condition, right?

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So, using that I want to write a small script, right.

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Let me open my editor.

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So here I am going to use Sublime Text Editor.

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You can use any editor.

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Let me give some name for my Python Script.

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The name is, convert into title format,

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so 'get_title_format'.

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[no audio]

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'get_title_format.py'.

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[no audio]

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So my intention is, I want to read

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some string. That string,

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I want to convert into title format.

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Right. First, let me write that.

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[no audio]

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'usr_str',

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I'm taking a variable called 'usr_str'.

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So, I want to read a string.

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So, if you want to read a string, you have to take always 'input(

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"Enter your string: ")'.

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[no audio]

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That's it. Then after that, simply

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what I am doing is, I am printing your 'usr_str.title()'.

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You know, if you want to convert any string into title format,

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there is a string operation called 'title()'.

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Right. Let me open my command line.

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Right. So, we have our scripts on 'Desktop\PythonScript'.

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So here our script is

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[no audio]

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'get_title_format.py'. See that script.

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We have only two lines of script.

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If you run your script it will run from top to down. The very

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first line is 'usr_str=input'.

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So because of this your script will ask something like,

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"Enter your string:" Let me run this.

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Yes, it is asking. I am going to provide 'python scripting'.

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[no audio]

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So now if you press enter on your keyboard, what will happen?

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Whatever the data you are providing here,

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that data will go and store into this variable. And in the next

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step what we are doing? So, this line is over.

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If you press 'Enter', this line is over. Then after that, simply

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your Python is going to print your given string,

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I mean 'usr_str'. That string is converting into title format,

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then it is printing. See the output?

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Yes, you are getting 'Python Scripting', capital 'P' and capital 'S'.

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This is fine.

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But, before converting into title format, the script has to

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ask like, "Do you want to convert this script into title format or not?"

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If I say 'yes', then only it has to convert. If I say 'no', it

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won't convert, but it has to print the given string as it is.

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[no audio]

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See that. What I am doing? Then I am taking user confirmation

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as a variable, 'usr_cnf', and I want to read 'yes' or 'no'.

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'yes' or 'no' is a string.

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That's why again, I am taking 'input'.

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"Do you want to convert

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[no audio]

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your given string

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into title fmt?

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Say yes or no."

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[no audio]

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That's it.

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Right. Now, if user says 'yes' then only I want to convert the

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data into title format, and then I want to display.

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So, two lines. First line is reading a string, second line is getting

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confirmation from the user.

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Right. So, whatever the user is going to enter, I mean either 'yes'

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or 'no', that we are storing into this variable. Now I am checking

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with 'if' condition, 'if usr cnf=="yes"',

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then only I want to execute this line. That is

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[no audio]

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this line, if user says "yes", then this value becomes 'True'

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no, because user is entering "yes", and that value

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we are storing into 'usr_cnf' variable.

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Now we are checking 'usr_cnf', and this direct string,

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are they equal? If user entered "yes", then yes, definitely

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this is equal. If it is equal,

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then this 'if' is allowing to execute this line by your Python.

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That's it. Right. First see the output.

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So, let me clear my screen.

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Let me open your script.

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Now I am going to run. So, whenever if you run you know it is

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going to execute from top to down. Very first line. See the

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output. First line executing, "Enter your string".

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I am entering 'python scripting'.

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Then it is asking, because of second line,

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"Do you want to convert your given string into title fmt?

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Say yes or no?" Let me type "yes",

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and I am pressing 'Enter'.

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So whenever if you hit 'Enter' on your keyboard, what will happen?

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This 'yes' value will go and store into this. That's over. Then

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two lines are over. Then your Python immediately

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goes to third line. This is the third line.

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So now you are entering "yes".

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This 'yes', and this 'yes', both are equal.

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That's what we are checking here.

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If they are really equal, then this value becomes 'True'.

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If it is 'True', then this 'if' will allow to execute this

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line, that's why, see the output.

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You are getting in title format.

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I mean capital 'P' and capital 'S'.

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Now, let me rerun and I am providing

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simply 'python scripting' once

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again. But I am saying 'no'. No, you're not getting any output.

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See whenever if you enter 'no', you know 'no' is going to store

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into this variable.

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Now in your hand this variable is like 'no', 'no==yes'. No, 'False', no.

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'no==yes', 'False'

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If it is 'False', then 'if' condition does not allow to execute this line.

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That's why you're not getting any output.

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But my requirement is, even

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though if you enter 'no', at least I have to get normal string

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display. I mean the string whatever you are giving same string

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I want to get, if I say 'no'. If I say, 'yes' I want to get

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in the title format. Right.

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So that's why what I am doing is, I am going to add one more

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'if condition, 'usr_conf=="no":'

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that means user is not willing to

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convert their given string into title format.

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Then at that time simply directly print your given string

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as it is.

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That's it. Right. Now, see the output.

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[no audio]

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'type get_title_fmt', title format.

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Let me run this script, and see the result.

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I am giving suppose

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"welcome to

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[no audio]

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python scripting", and I want to convert this as a title format.

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That's why I am saying to my script please convert it.

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I'm entering "yes", then you are getting in title format.

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Then rerun, right.

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I am entering, "welcome to python scripting", but now I am saying

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"no". If I say "no", what will happen? You are getting as it is

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your string. Then how your script is working?

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First observe here. Whenever you say "yes", this is 'True',

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that's why you're executing this line. At the same time, whenever

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you are entering

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"yes", then this is 'False', no.

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"yes", you are comparing with "no", 'False'.

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That's why, this 'if' condition is executing this line whenever

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you say "yes", and this 'if' condition is not executing your

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line whenever you say "yes". That means if you say "yes",

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this condition is 'True', and this condition is 'False'.

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That's why this 'if' condition is executing this line, and

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this 'if' condition is not executing this line. That's fine.

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[no audio]

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Okay. Now, let, in the second case, you are entering "no", right.

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Whenever if we say "no",

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"no", this 'if' condition is becoming 'False', that's why this is not

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executing. And this 'if' condition is becoming 'True', that's why

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you're executing this line,

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I mean your Python is executing this line.

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That's why you're getting this one.

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Yeah, this is okay.

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Your script is working perfectly as per your requirement.

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But the thing is, guys if you say "yes", if you say "yes". Assume

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that if you say "yes", this condition will definitely become

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'True'. Then you are printing this line.

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At that time, you don't need to check this condition, right.

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Already user is saying "yes", then why you are checking for "no"?

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Right. If this is 'True', you don't need to check this condition.

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If this is 'False', then just check this condition.

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Right. So guys whenever if you have only two options like "yes" or "no",

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Like "yes" or "no".

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Whenever if you have only two options like "yes" or "no" at that

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time you don't need to write two separate 'if' conditions, simply

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you can write 'else' here.

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[no audio]

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Then how it is going to work?

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Nothing is there guys. Very simple. Observe that.

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in case if this condition

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is 'True', if this condition is 'True', your Python will execute this line.

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I mean, 'if' is allowing to execute this line, and if this condition

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is 'True' by default your Python is going to skip this part,

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Python won't check this one.

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[no audio]

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But in case if this condition is 'False', this result is 'False',

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you know 'if' is not going to execute this line.

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It is not allowing to execute this line.

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And if this is 'False', be clear, if this is

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'False', by default without checking any condition your Python

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will execute the 'else' block, in 'else' whatever you have

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the code, that code will execute without checking any condition.

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[no audio]

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Right. So, remember that when you have to take "if else". Whenever if

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you have only two possible values for your requirement, then

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only you have to take 'if' and 'else'.

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[no audio]

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See for user confirmation, as of

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now we are treating only "yes" or "no". If it is

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"yes", this line has to execute. If this is "no" by default

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we have to execute this line.

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So, if you take "if else", once again I am repeating, if you

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take "if else" condition, if whatever you're writing here, if

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that is 'True' your Python will execute this line, and your

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Python don't consider this part.

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If this is executing, your Python simply by default it will

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skip this part.

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You don't need to bother about that. In case if this condition

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is 'False' then only your Python will execute this line or

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the block which is there under your 'else' without checking any condition.

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Right. Let me take one more example so that it will be clear for you.

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Now I am going to comment this.

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Otherwise, I will write new script.

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[no audio]

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'find_greater_number.py

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See my intention is, I want to read two numbers and then

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I want to compare, so whatever

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number is higher, that number I want to display.

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See that. So to read your numbers you can take 'eval()' function,

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then 'input("Enter your number: ")'.

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So guys, if it is string don't take 'eval()' function.

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Right. No need of taking 'eval()' function if it is a string. If it is

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any value other than a string, then you have to use 'eval()' function

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in Python3. "Enter your first number".

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[no audio]

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Then, I'm going to take one more number from user, second number.

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Let's say 'b'. 'input("Enter your second number: ")'.

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That's fine. Now, see directly

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I can't display like,

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' is

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[no audio]

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greater than ', I can't write directly in this way,

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right, because without knowing the relationship between your

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a and b, how can I say a is greater than b, or let's say one more line,

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' is greater than '. I can't say, right.

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[no audio]

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Without knowing relationship between, without knowing your

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a and b values, I can't decide which statement I need to display.

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But if you remember, if you remember, you have

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comparison operators, right.

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Let me enter into my Python.

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[no audio]

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Let's say 3 < 2, sorry 4 <, any number, any

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number 4< 2, it's 'False'.

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Now I can take a = 4 and b =2.

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Now I am comparing a < b, if really a < b then you will get 'True',

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otherwise you will get 'False'. Then this 'True' or 'False' result,

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I can use in 'if' condition.

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Right. Whenever you are getting result as 'True', or 'False'

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always I can use that in my 'if' condition. That's why what

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I am doing here is, if I want to print this information,

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right, if I want to print this information, a value must be

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greater than b, that's why I can write here,

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'if a > b', if really 'a > b', this value will become 'True'.

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So, if it is 'True', be clear guys, if the result of a > b

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is 'True', then only I want to display this line.

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[no audio]

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Right. 'if a > b' then only, I want to display

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this line. The same way suppose 'if b > a'

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then I want to display this line.

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[no audio]

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Right. So, what I'm doing is

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[no audio]

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if, if really a > b then definitely you'll

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get a 'True'. If it is 'True', then you are going to execute this

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line. Then it will work. The same way, if b > a,

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then I can print this line.

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Now it will work, but see the result.

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[no audio]

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So, our script name is 'find_greater_number', right.

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So, I am going to run this. I am giving numbers like 5 and 9.

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Yes, 9 is greater than, I'm taking I think both are 'b' values here.

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Yeah, here I need to write variable 'a'.

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[no audio]

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Now see that, I'm entering first number as suppose some 5

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and second number as 9, you are getting 9 > 5.

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Let me take 3 and then 1. 3 > 1. It's

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working perfectly.

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Right. Now, instead of writing a > b and b > a

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suppose, just assume,

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it's not perfect,

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If a > b, I want to display this information

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if it is 'False', then I'm going to display this information.

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It is correct up to a certain point. That is, just observe that.

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I am entering in this way.

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[no audio]

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4 and 5. What happened?

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Yeah, sorry. It's my bad.

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I'm entering number 5, and then I entering some number

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7. 7 > 5, it's working.

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Then I'm entering 7 and some 2,

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[no audio]

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7 and then 2.

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Yes, 7 > 2, it's working.

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But if I give both are same numbers 5 and 5. You're getting

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5 > 5

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That is not at all correct.

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Right. Now, see here.

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[no audio]

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When you have to take if and else? When you have to take if and else?

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If there are only two possibilities for your result, I mean for your value.

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See, if I take two values,

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let's say 2 and 3. Assume that this may be greater than

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this or maybe less than this or maybe equals to that, right.

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If you take two variables like 'a' and 'b',

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based on 'a' and 'b' values, a = b or a > b or

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b > a, three possibilities are there. Whenever

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you have three possibilities, you can't take simply 'if' and 'else' block.

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You can't take simply 'if' and 'else' block, then

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how you can write your code?

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[no audio]

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Right. See that. Now how I am going to manipulate this thing.

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See you can add in this way.

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'elif', if a < b,

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[no audio]

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Then I can write.

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b > a, or I can also write a < b, 'a' is

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[no audio]

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less than b.

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or else if maybe a==b, right.

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There is a chance to have an equal.

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So, at that time I can write.

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[no audio]

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Sorry, 'a' and

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'a' and 'b' are same, are equal. That's it.

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[no audio]

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Now guys, observe here. 'a' may be greater than 'b', or 'a' maybe less than 'b',

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maybe there is a chance to have 'a' and 'b' values are equal.

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That's why whenever if you have multiple possibilities

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while comparing your values, then you can extend your 'if'

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condition in this way. 'if', 'else if' one more condition, 'else if'

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one more condition, you can also write, if you have

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multiple possibilities you can also write one more 'else if'.

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[no audio]

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Right. Fine.

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Let me run this.

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[no audio]

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See, I'm entering 4 and 4.

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What happened?

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4 is less than 4, maybe 'a' and 'b'.

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Yeah. I have given 'a' and 'a'.

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It's my bad once again. Okay, see here.

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I'm entering number 4 and 4. 4 and 4 are equal. 4 and 7, or let

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me take some first higher number, second lower number.

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It's working perfectly.

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[no audio]

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Right. Fine.

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Now, see here.

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[no audio]

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Guys, first thing

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[no audio]

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you are having a simple 'if' condition.

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Second thing, whenever if you have two values for your required

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thing then at that time you can take if and else.

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But here whenever if you are comparing two values, right, you have

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three possibilities: first number greater than second number,

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or first number less than second number, or first number and

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the second number both are equal.

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So, at that time you can use if, else if, else if condition, right.

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And one more thing,

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here three possibilities, right?

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So, by this block, by this block, by these two conditions, you

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are checking greater than and less than. So if these two conditions

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are 'False', assume that, if these conditions are 'False' then

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by default, a and b are equal, right.

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So, at that time what you can do is simply you can write 'else'

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block. No need to check your condition, whether a==b or not.

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[no audio]

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Why I am writing 'else'? If it is right in this way,

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it's okay, no problem. It's okay.

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It will work perfectly. Without any confusion

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it will work perfectly.

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But what I am saying is, assume that I am giving 'a' value 3

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and 'b' value 4.

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[no audio]

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Yeah, first I will do this thing. 'a > b'. 'a' value

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3 and 'b' value 4. This is 'a' and this is 'b'. 'a> b'? No, 'False'.

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If this is 'False', your Python will skip this line because

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'if' doesn't allow to execute this line. Then immediately your

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Python will come to second condition. Here it will check.

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'a < b', yes, 'True'.

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If it is 'True', your Python will execute this line and remaining

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all remaining conditions your Python by default

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it will skip. It won't check. The first condition

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if it is 'True', remaining all conditions are going to skip

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whether they may be 'True' or not,

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you don't bother about that your Python is going to skip

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that, right. But in our case suppose as of now if I take 3

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and 3, both are equal.

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So, this condition definitely 'False', because you're checking

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3 greater than 3? No, 'False', because they both are equal.

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So, this is 'False', this is 'False'.

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So, whenever you have two values and greater than and less

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than conditions are false,

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then remaining option is equals to, equals only, right?

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That's why what I am saying is, you don't need to check this.

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So directly I can write 'else' here.

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So 'else' means, you know default block. When all above conditions

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are false then only 'else' will execute. When all above conditions

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are false then only 'else' will execute.

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So, if we take any two values which are equal for your first

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and second variable 'a' and' b', then this is 'False'.

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This is 'False'.

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That's why your 'if' is going to execute 'else' block by default.

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In case if any one of the conditions is 'True' that condition

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will execute.

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Otherwise, if all conditions are 'False',

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then only 'else' will execute.

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Right. Fine. So, guys this is all about simply your 'if-else' and 'if-else if'

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'else if' condition. Okay.

409
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So, in next video, we will write one simple

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script to understand effectively your 'if', 'else if', 'else if' condition. Okay.

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Okay guys, thank you for watching this video.

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[no audio]