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[no audio]

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Hi friends. Here

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we are going to learn some of the string operations, they're

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like you know case conversion.

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I mean lower to upper, upper to lower, any string into title

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format, or making capitalized, something like that. Okay.

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Let me open my

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[no audio]

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Sublime Text Editor.

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So guys here I'm going to use, you can use anything,

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okay, but I am using Sublime Text Editor here.

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Let me first give a name for that by pressing simply 'Ctrl + S',

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so 'Desktop', then under our directory

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let me create a 'case_conversion_operations'.

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[no audio]

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on_strings.py'.

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[no audio]

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That's it. Right. See guys

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I am going to define a string called 'my_str', you can take

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anything, okay. I'm going to write something like

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"python scripting", okay.

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Now let me print first our string directly

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whatever you have. See the output.

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Yes, you are getting. Now guys

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I want to convert my entire string into lowercase.

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Nothing is there, simply '.lower' operation, on your string '.lower' operation.

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Or I want to convert my entire string into uppercase letters.

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[no audio]

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See the output.

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Or after performing these two operations

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I want to print my string as well.

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See the output.

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[no audio]

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So here you have to understand one thing, whatever the operations

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you are performing on your string with a '.', right,

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they don't modify your original string.

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That's why because of the third print statement

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you are getting your original string Python scripting with

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P&S only capital. Even though in second line you are performing

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your string '.lower' and third line, right,

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you're performing 'upper'

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they don't modify your original string.

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That's why strings are called 'immutable'. Once if you define

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your string you cannot change the part of your string. Already

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we know that. Already we have seen that, right. Fine. Suppose if

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you want to capture after performing the lowercase letter

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or after performing your entire string into 'upper' you can store

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this operation result into some variable.

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Let's say 'my_str', in lowercase only 'lower'. Any variable

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you can take but I am taking this one. That's it.

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Right. Now, instead of printing 'my_str.lower', already

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we have done

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on your variable. We perform 'lower' operation, and we stored

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that result into this variable. Now print this variable and

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see the output.

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[no audio]

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Let me comment these two lines and observe your output. Already

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we have written, right. See the output. That's it.

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Right. So guys as of now we have seen 'lower' and 'upper' operations

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on your given string, but how you know how many operations

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are there on a given string, right?

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See, let me simply open my command line and let me enter into

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my Python shell,

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simply define any variable called any string, and simply run

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'print(dir(X))', so 'dir' is the helping word

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for us to list out all the operations which are available

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on your given string because here 'X' is a string, because you

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can randomly assign some string to some variable 'X', or any

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variable, and on that variable if you perform simply 'dir(X)'

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it will give the available operations on your given string.

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There are so many, right, so I will go with step by step.

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So now we have seen this is 'upper' operation, and somewhere you have

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'lower' operation.

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Here you have 'lower' operation.

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Now, you have something called 'swapcase', 'title', 'capitalize'.

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Let me go with the 'swapcase'.

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Right. This 'swapcase' is nothing

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but directly I'm going to print your result your string '.'

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simply 'swapcase'.

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See, observe the last output. What you are getting? lower

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case into 'upper', uppercase into 'lower'. That's it.

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But once again remember that whatever you are performing

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'.' operation that is not going to disturb your original

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string, only while printing it is modifying.

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So if you want to capture 'swapcase' result, you can

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store this result into some variable like your second line.

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Right. So this is 'swapcase'.

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[no audio]

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Now guys, I want to print my string in terms of 'title'

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format. So 'title' is nothing but printing each and every letter

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of a word, starting letter of each and every word in terms of capital.

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So already we have here 'capitalize'.

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Let me remove this small letters "python scripting tutorials".

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Now if I run the script and see the output for last 'print'

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statement, you are getting "P" capital, "S" capital, "T" capital

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because you are converting your given string into 'title' format.

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'title' format is nothing but each and every, in each and

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every word the starting letter should be capital.

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That's what we are doing with the help of 'title'.

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Right. Then 'capitalize'.

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Let me give, let me take one more string called 'my_new_str',

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you can take anything.

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I'm taking simply small letters "python scripting".

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[no audio]

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So guys I want to make my string in terms of capitalized

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format, right. See 'capitalize' format is nothing but observe

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the output, you can understand. Only the starting letter in

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a given string you are making it as a capital. That's it.

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That is the format of 'capitalize', right, capitalized.

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Fine. So guys,

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these are some of the operations on your given strings

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to convert one case to other case, or 'swapcase', or 'title', or

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'capitalize', right.

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So guys instead of your you know 'lower' you can also perform

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one more operation called, I will do one thing,

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only for 'lower' or 'upper',

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you don't know whether given string is there in lowercase

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or uppercase,

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but the thing is you want to convert your entire string,

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[no audio]

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like 'swapcase'.

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Let me do one thing,

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'casefold'

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[no audio]

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'print', your new string '.casefold' and observe

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the output what you are getting.

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'my_new_str', yeah, I commented that, right?

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Let me enable this. 'my_new_str', where it is? Yeah,

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instead of 'my_new_str'

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I will take 'my_str' variable. Anything. You can apply

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on any string, right?

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[no audio]

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Observe the output.

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[no audio]

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Right. So you are converting your entire string, even though, let me

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take here capital 'S'.

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something called 'G'.

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Any modification. See the output. What you are getting?

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Right. You are getting all in terms of lowercase.

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[no audio]

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Fine. So instead of 'lower' operation

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you can also perform 'casefold'.

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Right. Fine. So guys,

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these are some of the operations to convert your strings

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from one case to other case, right?

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Okay. Okay guys, thank you for watching this video.

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[no audio]