1
00:00:06,810 --> 00:00:08,340
- So welcome to Linux.

2
00:00:08,340 --> 00:00:10,020
Before we are going to start,

3
00:00:10,020 --> 00:00:13,470
let's try to understand
what Linux really is.

4
00:00:13,470 --> 00:00:15,540
Linux originates from UNIX.

5
00:00:15,540 --> 00:00:18,060
And UNIX was the leading operating systems

6
00:00:18,060 --> 00:00:20,340
invented in the early 1970s,

7
00:00:20,340 --> 00:00:21,930
and it was leading all the way

8
00:00:21,930 --> 00:00:24,333
throughout the end of the 1990s.

9
00:00:25,350 --> 00:00:27,150
Linux fits in a movement started

10
00:00:27,150 --> 00:00:29,310
by the Free Software Foundation.

11
00:00:29,310 --> 00:00:31,980
Free Software Foundation was created

12
00:00:31,980 --> 00:00:35,430
because Unix became really commercial.

13
00:00:35,430 --> 00:00:38,760
In the beginning, in
the early years of Unix,

14
00:00:38,760 --> 00:00:40,440
there wasn't really arranged anything

15
00:00:40,440 --> 00:00:42,240
for licenses and so on.

16
00:00:42,240 --> 00:00:46,200
And already in the 1970s
and even more in the 1980s,

17
00:00:46,200 --> 00:00:49,530
Unix became very commercial and expensive.

18
00:00:49,530 --> 00:00:52,050
And as a counter movement to that,

19
00:00:52,050 --> 00:00:54,330
Free Software Foundation started.

20
00:00:54,330 --> 00:00:56,610
The Free Software Foundation had a mission

21
00:00:56,610 --> 00:00:58,620
to provide software for free

22
00:00:58,620 --> 00:01:01,590
because everybody should
be able to use software

23
00:01:01,590 --> 00:01:03,063
to develop their skills.

24
00:01:04,380 --> 00:01:08,130
A part of the Free
Software Foundation is GNU,

25
00:01:08,130 --> 00:01:10,560
which stands for GNU not Unix.

26
00:01:10,560 --> 00:01:15,270
And the mission of GNU is to
provide free tools for Unix.

27
00:01:15,270 --> 00:01:17,190
And already in the 1980s

28
00:01:17,190 --> 00:01:19,650
many free tools were already launched.

29
00:01:19,650 --> 00:01:23,400
So you can imagine that on a
commercial Unix distribution

30
00:01:23,400 --> 00:01:25,473
such as Sun Solaris, for instance,

31
00:01:26,520 --> 00:01:30,360
there was this utility like LS.

32
00:01:30,360 --> 00:01:34,620
And GNU has reworked
all of these utilities

33
00:01:34,620 --> 00:01:37,170
with an open source license.

34
00:01:37,170 --> 00:01:39,360
An open source is what it is all about.

35
00:01:39,360 --> 00:01:40,410
Source code is free.

36
00:01:40,410 --> 00:01:42,783
sort of software is free for everybody.

37
00:01:43,620 --> 00:01:46,630
Now in the year, 1992,

38
00:01:46,630 --> 00:01:50,580
Linus Torvalds added
the Linux kernel to GNU.

39
00:01:50,580 --> 00:01:54,210
And that made the GNU system complete.

40
00:01:54,210 --> 00:01:55,920
So by combining the Linux kernel

41
00:01:55,920 --> 00:01:58,500
with other GNU tools that already existed

42
00:01:58,500 --> 00:02:01,530
is as possible to install Linux

43
00:02:01,530 --> 00:02:03,663
as an actual operating system.

44
00:02:04,650 --> 00:02:08,880
In the early days, in order
to do the installation,

45
00:02:08,880 --> 00:02:11,100
you needed to compile everything yourself

46
00:02:11,100 --> 00:02:12,810
and gather everything yourself.

47
00:02:12,810 --> 00:02:14,370
That was not really doable.

48
00:02:14,370 --> 00:02:17,850
And for that reason already
in the very early years

49
00:02:17,850 --> 00:02:20,040
the distributions were provided.

50
00:02:20,040 --> 00:02:22,440
And amongst the very
first of the distributions

51
00:02:22,440 --> 00:02:25,410
were Yggdrasil and Slackware.

52
00:02:25,410 --> 00:02:29,640
And later other distributions
were founded as well.

53
00:02:29,640 --> 00:02:30,510
In the next video,

54
00:02:30,510 --> 00:02:33,180
I will tell you about
these other distributions

55
00:02:33,180 --> 00:02:35,340
and what the Linux distribution landscape

56
00:02:35,340 --> 00:02:37,143
looks like nowadays.