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- All right, so we need four users,

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but we also need password settings,

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and we need these users
to be a member of groups.

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So you know what I'm going to do?

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I'm going to start with /etc/login.defs

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because here it really
makes sense if we take care

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of the defaults before
we are getting started.

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And I am looking for PASS MAX DAYS.

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I'm going to set the PASS MAX DAYS to 60.

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There we go, 60 days.

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Is there anything else
that we need to do here?

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Well, wasn't there anything
about user home directories?

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Let's check it out.

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Not here,

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but there, CREATE HOME, yes.

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So that's good.

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We create user home directories.

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That means that we are done here.

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Now if I may give you an advice,

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if you need to create users,

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and these users need to be a
member of secondary groups,

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then you better create the
groups before the users.

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Because otherwise, you first
create a user then the group,

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and then you need to modify the user

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to be a member of the group,
sounds like too much work.

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So sudo groupadd

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sales to add a group with the name sales.

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Already exists, that's okay.

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And sudo groupadd account

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to create a group with the name account.

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I also need a group users.

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Don't we already have a group users?

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Let me use grep user on /etc/group.

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That'll tell us.

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Yeah, we have group users.

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So that is okay.

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And now I can use useradd,

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useradd linda.

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I already have linda, so
let's skip linda for now,

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and let's do laura, minus uppercase G,

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and laura needs to be a
member of the group sales

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as well as the group users.

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Everybody needs to be a
member of the group users.

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And that should be doing it,

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if you use sudo, of course.

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There we go.

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Same command with sudo this time.

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Let's also create user anna.

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User anna needs to be a
member of the group account.

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And there we go, user anna.

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And user anouk, also
same groups as user anna.

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So that's a simple modification.

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For user linda, who already existed,

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I need to use usermod, usermod -aG

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sales on linda.

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What is that?

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Well, usermod is modifying users.

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Uppercase G is for secondary groups.

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But if you just use uppercase G,

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then you are going to create a
new list of secondary groups.

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That would overwrite the current
secondary group assignment.

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That's not what we need.

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And that is why we are using usermod -aG,

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which is using uppercase G in append mode.

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And obviously we need to do sudo again.

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There we go.

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Now we are almost there.

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Didn't we need to do
anything to ensure all users

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get a home directly in /home?

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Well, not on Red Hat.

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On Ubuntu,

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you need useradd -m, -m to
create the home directory,

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but here if I use ls on /home,

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I can see home directories
for all of these.

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Can't we do that in a smarter way?

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Of course we can.

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We need a small shell
scripting style iteration,

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for i in linda, laura,

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anna, and anouk,

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do echo password,

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pipe, sudo passwd,

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minus minus standard in, $i, done.

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And there we go.

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This is easily looping over
the different user name.

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And for each element in the user name,

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it's temporarily putting
this element in a variable

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with the name i, and then
it's doing the do thing.

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And in the do thing, this is what is done.

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Echo password, pipe, sudo passwd,

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dash dash standard in, $i.

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$i refers to the user name
that's currently treated.

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And as you can see right here,

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it is walking over all
these user names one by one

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to update the passwords automatically.

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This is how you do it.