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Hello, in this lesson we are going to

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cover SCP, which is Secure Copy

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Protocol. The Secure Copy Protocol or

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SCP helps to transfer computer files

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securely from a local host to a remote

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host. It is somewhat similar to FTP, but

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it adds security and authentication. So

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if you are transferring a file again,

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from server a to server b, you could use

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SCP as the protocol or the command

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rather than FTP. And the reason it is

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preferred is because it is secure, it

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adds more security and authentication.

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Now the protocol as I said before, the

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protocol is a set of rules used by

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computers to communicate. So when SCP

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was built, they decided okay, this is

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the protocol that SCP should use. And

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this is the port that should be used to

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transfer a file from one server to

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another. The default SCP port is SSH, or

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port 22. So there is no different

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protocol that was established or setup

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for SCP. So it actually leverages on to

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the same SSH protocol that we use to

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connect from one server to another over

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SSH. Now, for this lecture, again, we

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needed two Linux machines. One is for

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the client, and one is for the server.

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The client is where we have the file,

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and the server is where we want to

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transfer that file to. For the client, I

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have my Linux machine and it is called

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MyFirstLinuxVM. For the server, I

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have a server which is exactly the same

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as client as well, but I had named it

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LinuxCentOS7. So the process is

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SCP, the process in the graphical

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way is you have a client A and client B

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server. Now client A wants to copy a file

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over to server B. Now it will use the

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protocol SCP or the command SCP, but it

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actually transferred that over through

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the protocol we already have in place,

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and that is SSH. So there is no new

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protocol for that, it actually piggybacks

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on SSH. And of course, the SSH port is

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22. And the service where SSH daemon

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should be running on the recipient or

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the remote server in order to accept incoming traffic.

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Okay, what's the process? The SCP command

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to transfer files to the remote server,

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first of all, you have to log in

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yourself. Then create a file any file,

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let's say we in this lesson, or

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in this lab, we'll create a file called

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jack. Once the jack file is created,

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then we will simply run the command scp,

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the file named jack, iafzal is the

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user name that actually exists on the

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remote server, @, 192.168.1.x

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is the actual IP of

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the remote server. Of course, we

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replace that x with the digit that is

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the digit of your remote server, and the

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last part is colon slash home slash iafzal,

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this is where you want the file to go

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to, in this directory, on the remote

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server. Once it's connected, then it's

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going to ask you to enter username and

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password, and it will transfer the file

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successfully. Now, enough is enough.

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Let's actually start our Linux machine

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which I have already started, and I have

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already logged into my PuTTY. This is my

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Linux machine and I refer to as my

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client machine because this is the one

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that connects to the server. And this

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machine hostname is MyFirstLinuxVM.

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Who is logged in? whoami, I'm logged in

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as myself. Alright follow the directions

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here. I'm going to create a file called

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jack in my home directory, in my home

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directory slash home slash iafzal.

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I'll go ahead and do touch jack. When I do

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ls -ltr, you will see I have a

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file called jack, it has zero bytes. Now

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I want to transfer that but before I

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transfer it, let's put something in there

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just to make sure it is transferred with

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the right content. So let's do vi on

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jack and just put

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Jack is Jerry's Uncle. That's it.

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Let's do ls -ltr. Now you see, it

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has total bytes 22. Perfect. Now we need to

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transfer this file to our remote server.

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But before we transfer that file to the

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remote server, we wanted to know what is

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the IP address of their remote server.

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So I'm going to go into my remote

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server, which I also have opened. And

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I'm going to do ifconfig enp0s3

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because that's the interface

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where the IP is assigned, and the IP is

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192.1681.58. Beautiful. Let's go

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back to my client. And now this time,

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I'm going to run the command. Let's

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clear the screen so you could see it

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better. Now run the command scp, the

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name of the file, which is jack, the

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name of the user who is going to log in

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to the remote server, what is the remote

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server 192.168.1.56, yes, and

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then colon slash, where is it going to

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or which directory, it is going to /home/iafzal.

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hit enter, and it's going to ask you

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for the password. If you are doing SCP

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for the first time, then it's going to

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ask you for the fingerprints where you

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have to type in yes, and then enter the

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password. So go ahead and password. And

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it says a jack, which is a file name

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100% transferred and the size was 22.

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And this is the time it took to

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transfer. Okay, I got this message on

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the client but let's confirm on the

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server whether it was transferred or

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not. So, first of all, it was

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transferred as iafzal. So I have to

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log in as iafzal, so whoami, I am

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iafzal, beautiful. Now which

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directory am I logged into? I am in my

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home directory because that's where I

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transferred the file right. Now I will

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do ls -ltr to check if that jack

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file came in. It did, perfect. Now is

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this the right file that came in? Let's

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cat it. We did the cat, Jack is Jerry's

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uncle, perfect. This is how the SCP

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works. And you could also do the same

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thing by the way, SCP to go into this

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remote server if you want to pull

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something out of that server from server

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to the client and you have just have to

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reverse the command. Anyway, try it out.

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And these are the couple of commands a

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few commands that I wanted to cover and

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very important commands when you are

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dealing with transferring files from one

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server to another.

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