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Recovering root password. Every system

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administrator in his or her life faces this issue

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where they have to recover root password. And why

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do they face that is because, they either have to

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comply with security standard to change the root

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password every now and then, they change it but

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then they forget after a year or two, or they fat

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fingered while changing the root password, and now

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they cannot recover it. So how do we change it?

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You have to restart your computer. Why? I could

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just simply type password, followed by the root, and

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change it right? Well, no, because in order to run

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the command, password space root, you have to be

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root. And in to be root you have to put in the

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password. It's like catch 22. So how do we solve

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that problem? Well, I'd say it's not that simple.

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Why? Because you have to restart your entire

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computer, and make sure you are in front of your

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computer. If you can get console access perfect.

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If not, then stay in front of the computer with a

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keyboard and monitor. Reboot it, edit the grub

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file, change the password, and then reboot it

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again. We'll try that this procedure in our lab

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environment, and we will think that we don't

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remember a root password, and we'll try and change

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it. Let's log into our Linux machine, and this

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time, of course, we definitely want it to go in through

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the console, not through the PuTTY session.

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Because as soon as you reboot your machine, the

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PuTTY session will not allow you to see the reboot

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process. So now I have to reboot, I have to run

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command reboot.

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[No audio]

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Remember one thing, I have

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superuser rights on certain commands, that's why I

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was able to reboot. But if I was not able to

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reboot, and it would have given me a message

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saying, You do not have permission to reboot, right.

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So in that case, you will have to go into a

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Machinem and type reset, and then click on Reset.

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But now since I already rebooted, I'll go in here,

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and you have to be in this menu very quickly

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because it starts your computer within five

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seconds. So once you are in here, you could just

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select any one. The first one is your actual

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operating system. Second one is just a rescue of

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your operating system. Select the first one. Once

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you're selected the first one, then select e to

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edit it. You could also see at the bottom says

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press e to edit the selected item. So I'm just

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going to click e. I'll come down to the parameters

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where I will see ro. ro meaning read-only, the

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system mounts on a read-only. I want to mount the

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system in read write. So I'll go to that line, you

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will see in a second where it says rw right

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here, ro, right. So I'm going to remove that and

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I have a parameter that I'm going to set, that I

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have written. By the way, if you want to get out of

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this terminal type ctrl key on the right side of

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your keyboard, not the left one, right side to

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release your mouse. I have this parameters written

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down here that I'm going to follow. Yes,

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administrators do have to have follow some

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instructions, they have to write it down. A good

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administrator always write down their

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troubleshooting instructions. Okay. So now I will

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do rw, see my first line in my notepad, rw space,

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init=/sysroot/bin/sh.

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Once I have typed that in, simply type Ctrl X.

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Now remember this is not vi, that you have to use

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insert or any other keys of vi. It is just a simple

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typing, and once you type it, just hit Ctrl X, this

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will start your computer in single user mode.

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[No audio]

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Okay, now you simply type chroot to mount your

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file system to sysroot,

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type passwd to change your password,

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[Author typing]

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all passwords have been changed, tokens updated, perfect.

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[No audio]

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Now exit out of that sysroot that we did. We are

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out, now simply do reboot,

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and your system reboots. Once the system comes back

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online, you will have the option to log in, you can

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log in as root or yourself, and that's how you

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change the root password. I want you to try it in

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your lab environment and pretend that you have

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lost your root password. And this is one of the

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things that you will have to face, I'm telling you,

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you will have to face when you become a system

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administrator or take the job in that capacity.

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[No audio]