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File system paths. Here we will talk about how we

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could navigate the file system through the

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absolute path or relative path. So, so basically

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there are two paths to navigate a file system. The

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first one is the absolute path and the second one

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is the relative path. An absolute path always

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begins with a slash. This indicates that the path

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starts at the root directory. An example of an

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absolute path is if you are going to go into the

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samba directory, which is in /var/log directory, it

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has two directories above it. So you could start

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with cd /var/log/samba will

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take you directly to a samba folder. By the way,

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this is just an example that I picked up for,

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to make you understand about the absolute path.

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Then we have the relative path which does not

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begin with slash. It identifies a location, relative

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to your current position. An example of relative

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path is you cd into /var. Once you are

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already in var, you could just do cd logs. Now,

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you notice we are now using slash log because we

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are already in var directory. And we could just

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simply go into cd log and then from there, we

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could cd into samba. Again here we are not using

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slash log or slash samba because they do not begin

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with slash, they are within the slash var

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directory. So let's look at the example okay. So,

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first thing you have to do is become root user. su dash,

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you put it in password. Now, if you

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wanted to go directly to the samba folder, you

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could just go cd slash var slash log slash samba.

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Where are you? You are in var log samba. Now if

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you notice, if you go through the relative path,

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which means let's got to slash, we are in root

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directory, slash directory, and if you want to go

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to the var directory, you could simply do var, or

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you could also do var. Once you in this directory,

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and if you try to do at this point, if you try to

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do cd slash log, it's not going to find it because

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what you're trying to tell the operating system

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that there is a log directory within the slash

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directory, which is not the case. So how are we

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going to get into the log, is by simply cd log, and

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if you do pwd, you will see you are in var log.

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Now if you wanted to go into one more directory,

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which is samba, what command would you run, cd

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slash samba, or cd samba.

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Well, you will run cd

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samba, and it will take you to the samba

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directory, and you do pwd, it will tell you you

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are in var slash log slash samba directory. So

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this is the main difference between the absolute

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path and the relative path. And the reason you use

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these two different paths is because if you

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already know the directory where you want to go

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in, you don't have to go into one directory, then

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the second, third, or fourth, you could directly go

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into the path of the directory, in our case, which

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is again, var slash log slash samba. And there

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you are. And for example, if you want to go to

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another directory, let's say we're going to cd etc

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sysconfig and network-scripts, you could

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just do that and it will take you there. By the

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way, if you hit tab, it will autocomplete your

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directory if it exists in there. Now you which

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directory you are in? You're in etc sysconfig

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network-scripts. If you want to get out of from

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one directory you do cd dot dot. Where are you?

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You are in etc sysconfig. You want to go one

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step back, you do cd dot dot, and you are an etc.

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If you want to go one more directory out, you

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do cd dot dot, and you do, and you are into slash

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directory, again, the root directory, the main

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parent directory.

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So that's what this lecture is about, to

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tell you the difference between the

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absolute path and relative path.

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