1
00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:02,819
Hello, everyone, and welcome to the lecture

2
00:00:02,819 --> 00:00:06,569
Keyboard Keys Used in Linux. Now you're probably

3
00:00:06,569 --> 00:00:09,119
thinking, hey, I'm going to the keyboard keys. But

4
00:00:09,119 --> 00:00:12,299
I already know these keys. Great, if you know these

5
00:00:12,299 --> 00:00:15,659
keys, beautiful. And I will recommend, you could

6
00:00:15,659 --> 00:00:18,179
go ahead and skip this lecture right away and go

7
00:00:18,179 --> 00:00:21,329
to the next one. But I have created this lecture

8
00:00:21,329 --> 00:00:25,589
for those people who are trying to get into IT for

9
00:00:25,589 --> 00:00:29,639
the very first time. And I have seen, and I have

10
00:00:29,639 --> 00:00:32,519
experienced, that those people who are trying for

11
00:00:32,519 --> 00:00:37,019
the first time have or had a problem in the past,

12
00:00:37,289 --> 00:00:40,259
understanding these keys or even pronouncing these

13
00:00:40,259 --> 00:00:43,709
keys. These keys are the actually symbols, which

14
00:00:43,739 --> 00:00:47,639
are primarily on top of the digit key. So I'm

15
00:00:47,639 --> 00:00:50,609
going through these keys one by one, so you

16
00:00:50,609 --> 00:00:54,959
understand actually how to access them, and how

17
00:00:54,959 --> 00:00:57,629
these keys are pronounced. So let's go to the

18
00:00:57,629 --> 00:01:02,789
first key. First key is Escape key. Escape key is,

19
00:01:02,879 --> 00:01:07,379
is used whenever you are, especially in a VI

20
00:01:07,379 --> 00:01:09,959
editor and you have any key press or in editing

21
00:01:09,959 --> 00:01:12,689
mode, you got to escape it, and it will get you

22
00:01:12,719 --> 00:01:16,349
out of that. So as it sounds escape, is your Escape

23
00:01:16,349 --> 00:01:19,949
key, is your lifesaver to get out of any of the

24
00:01:19,979 --> 00:01:24,449
previously pressed keys. Then we have tilde, which

25
00:01:24,449 --> 00:01:27,059
is the key right below it. Tilde is that little

26
00:01:27,059 --> 00:01:31,379
curly thing on top, or right below that Escape

27
00:01:31,379 --> 00:01:34,949
key. Usually, when you do cd tilde, it's actually

28
00:01:34,949 --> 00:01:37,889
taking you to your home directory. And right below

29
00:01:37,889 --> 00:01:41,699
that tilde, we have the backtick. Now, don't

30
00:01:41,699 --> 00:01:45,599
confuse the backtick with a single quote, or even

31
00:01:45,599 --> 00:01:51,749
comma. Backtick is kind of like backward, and it is

32
00:01:51,749 --> 00:01:56,489
like a backward to the single quote. Then we have

33
00:01:56,489 --> 00:02:00,329
the next key is the number one and on top of the

34
00:02:00,329 --> 00:02:03,359
number one we have a symbol that is called

35
00:02:03,539 --> 00:02:06,599
exclamation point. Now a lot of people have heard

36
00:02:06,599 --> 00:02:09,479
of exclamation point, great, which is kind of like

37
00:02:09,508 --> 00:02:14,219
emphasizing something in English. And in Linux,

38
00:02:14,249 --> 00:02:18,389
you could also refer to this or also many times it

39
00:02:18,419 --> 00:02:24,659
is referred to as bang. The next key is at sign,

40
00:02:24,689 --> 00:02:27,629
and I'm sure a lot of people are familiar with

41
00:02:27,629 --> 00:02:30,809
that. If you have an email, then you will notice

42
00:02:30,809 --> 00:02:34,289
that your email has your name in front of it, and

43
00:02:34,289 --> 00:02:37,679
then after that, followed by the at sign and the

44
00:02:37,679 --> 00:02:40,799
domain for example, @hotmail, gmail.com, or

45
00:02:40,799 --> 00:02:44,669
whatever your email account is. Number three key

46
00:02:44,669 --> 00:02:49,169
has a pound sign on top of it. Also referred to as

47
00:02:49,169 --> 00:02:54,989
hash tag. In Linux this key is used in

48
00:02:54,989 --> 00:02:58,739
scripting or in a file or any configuration file

49
00:02:58,919 --> 00:03:02,009
to comment out any of the things that not going to

50
00:03:02,009 --> 00:03:06,239
be used and just for information purposes. The

51
00:03:06,239 --> 00:03:10,379
next key number four has dollar sign. In scripting

52
00:03:10,379 --> 00:03:12,629
language, that dollar sign is defined as an

53
00:03:12,629 --> 00:03:15,329
variable, which we'll cover in the shell scripting

54
00:03:15,509 --> 00:03:20,039
module. The next one is the percent sign. Number

55
00:03:20,039 --> 00:03:25,799
six has the caret sign also, sometimes it people

56
00:03:25,889 --> 00:03:29,369
in a simple language they call it as cap. But in

57
00:03:29,369 --> 00:03:32,819
Linux you have whenever you hear caret, it means

58
00:03:32,819 --> 00:03:36,149
anything at the beginning of something. So if

59
00:03:36,149 --> 00:03:38,251
you're doing ls -l, and you want to

60
00:03:38,251 --> 00:03:41,579
grep something that starts with something, you

61
00:03:41,579 --> 00:03:45,299
could use the caret sign. Number seven has an

62
00:03:45,299 --> 00:03:51,779
ampersand, ampersand or and sign. So that is also

63
00:03:51,779 --> 00:03:54,569
to put something in the background. If you're

64
00:03:54,569 --> 00:03:56,669
running the script, you could use ampersand and it

65
00:03:56,669 --> 00:03:59,219
will put the script or your process in the

66
00:03:59,219 --> 00:04:02,819
background. Then number eight has the asterisk

67
00:04:02,819 --> 00:04:06,269
sign. Also if you if it is hard to pronounce, you

68
00:04:06,269 --> 00:04:08,639
could pronounce this star. So many times I also

69
00:04:08,639 --> 00:04:10,739
pronounced a star, so it doesn't really matter you

70
00:04:10,739 --> 00:04:14,549
pronounce the star, asterisk it both are okay. Then

71
00:04:14,549 --> 00:04:19,439
number nine, it has open parentheses. Now again,

72
00:04:19,439 --> 00:04:23,219
don't confuse open parenthesis with curly braces

73
00:04:23,399 --> 00:04:27,029
and bracket, which I will cover right after in the

74
00:04:27,029 --> 00:04:31,529
second line. So keep in mind number nine, the

75
00:04:31,529 --> 00:04:36,689
curly thing looks like a half c is referred to as

76
00:04:36,989 --> 00:04:40,289
open parenthesis, number zero has closed

77
00:04:40,289 --> 00:04:44,519
parenthesis. Then next to it, we have the hyphen

78
00:04:44,519 --> 00:04:46,289
sign. Hyphen sign,

79
00:04:46,350 --> 00:04:50,130
no first of all on top it's underscore, and then

80
00:04:50,130 --> 00:04:52,890
the bottom is hyphen, which is also used as an

81
00:04:52,920 --> 00:04:55,770
option or dash. So if you're running a command in

82
00:04:55,770 --> 00:04:58,980
Linux, then you have to specify sometimes the

83
00:04:59,010 --> 00:05:01,590
options with it Every time there's an option that

84
00:05:01,590 --> 00:05:03,750
needs to be accessed, you have to specify that

85
00:05:03,750 --> 00:05:07,440
dash. So, whenever you hear dash or hyphen, they

86
00:05:07,440 --> 00:05:11,070
both are referred to as each as the same key

87
00:05:11,070 --> 00:05:14,850
interchangeably. Plus sign, equal sign we all know.

88
00:05:15,420 --> 00:05:20,520
Then we are we have a tab key which actually skips

89
00:05:20,550 --> 00:05:25,710
few spaces. Then there is the most one of them

90
00:05:25,770 --> 00:05:29,880
important keys, that is curly braces. So opening

91
00:05:29,880 --> 00:05:33,060
the top one is the opening curly braces, and the

92
00:05:33,060 --> 00:05:38,220
bottom one is opening bracket. Just like that, the

93
00:05:38,250 --> 00:05:41,430
on the right hand side, the top key is closing

94
00:05:41,430 --> 00:05:44,970
curly braces, and the bottom key is the closing

95
00:05:44,970 --> 00:05:51,210
bracket. Alright, enter key or enter key. So this

96
00:05:51,210 --> 00:05:54,960
is I'm sure everybody knows enter key. But

97
00:05:55,140 --> 00:05:58,500
sometimes people also refer this key as carriage

98
00:05:58,500 --> 00:06:04,800
return. Then we have colon key and semicolon key.

99
00:06:05,430 --> 00:06:08,850
These two keys are used in scripting language as

100
00:06:08,850 --> 00:06:11,370
well or whenever you're using VI editor you can

101
00:06:11,370 --> 00:06:15,180
specify a colon wq to save the file, which we'll

102
00:06:15,180 --> 00:06:19,920
cover later on of course. Then we have double quote

103
00:06:20,130 --> 00:06:23,190
and a single quote. So remember the single coat

104
00:06:23,190 --> 00:06:27,270
below is not a comma. So it's a single quote. So

105
00:06:27,270 --> 00:06:31,020
double quote on top, the bottom is single quote. And

106
00:06:31,020 --> 00:06:34,620
then the most, the key that is mostly going to be

107
00:06:34,620 --> 00:06:38,370
used in Linux right here is called pipe, which is a

108
00:06:38,370 --> 00:06:43,260
simple straight line. It is used to combine a few

109
00:06:43,260 --> 00:06:46,320
commands together or take the output from first

110
00:06:46,320 --> 00:06:51,060
command and give it to the second command. Below it

111
00:06:51,090 --> 00:06:56,130
we have backslash. Now remember backslash is used

112
00:06:56,430 --> 00:07:00,120
in Windows whenever you are specifying a path,

113
00:07:00,450 --> 00:07:04,350
that backslash, the path that is given in Windows,

114
00:07:04,530 --> 00:07:08,490
it is used with a backslash. And in Linux, it is

115
00:07:08,490 --> 00:07:10,530
used with a forward slash, which I'm going to

116
00:07:10,530 --> 00:07:16,140
cover in this line, fourth line. Alright, so shift

117
00:07:16,140 --> 00:07:18,210
key, whatever the key is that I'm talking about

118
00:07:18,210 --> 00:07:22,950
that is above numbers that are that can be

119
00:07:22,950 --> 00:07:27,270
accessed with by pressing shift key. Then we have

120
00:07:27,600 --> 00:07:31,350
less than sign, and below the less than

121
00:07:31,350 --> 00:07:36,300
sign is the comma, and the next one is greater than

122
00:07:36,300 --> 00:07:41,970
sign, and below the greater than sign is period or

123
00:07:41,970 --> 00:07:45,930
dot. Now these less than sign or greater than sign

124
00:07:46,260 --> 00:07:50,910
is also referred in Linux as input and output. So

125
00:07:50,940 --> 00:07:55,650
if you are using two greater than sign, it means

126
00:07:55,770 --> 00:07:59,460
appending to the file. But if you use one greater

127
00:07:59,460 --> 00:08:03,510
than sign, then it will overwrite to our file,

128
00:08:03,510 --> 00:08:06,750
as less than sign will take the input from the

129
00:08:06,780 --> 00:08:11,250
output. Again, don't confuse it. Right now, I just

130
00:08:11,250 --> 00:08:14,940
want you to learn how you could access these keys

131
00:08:15,180 --> 00:08:18,120
and how you could pronounce this key. So later in

132
00:08:18,120 --> 00:08:21,660
the lecture, I don't want you to be, hey, what is

133
00:08:21,660 --> 00:08:24,510
pipe or what is tilde or what is greater than

134
00:08:24,510 --> 00:08:28,230
sign? How can I access that. So that is why I have

135
00:08:28,230 --> 00:08:32,308
this lecture for you. And then next key is the

136
00:08:32,760 --> 00:08:37,289
question mark and, and below it is the forward

137
00:08:37,289 --> 00:08:40,980
slash. as I mentioned, in the line in the row

138
00:08:40,980 --> 00:08:44,880
above it, the backslash is used for Windows, the

139
00:08:44,880 --> 00:08:48,659
forward slash is used in Linux. So you could access

140
00:08:48,659 --> 00:08:51,330
the path in Windows through the command line to the

141
00:08:51,330 --> 00:08:54,360
backslash, but in Linux, you have to use forward

142
00:08:54,360 --> 00:08:57,630
slash. And the last key I want to cover is the

143
00:08:57,630 --> 00:09:01,680
Right Ctrl key,you see on the keyboard you have

144
00:09:01,680 --> 00:09:04,050
two control keys one on the left side and one on

145
00:09:04,050 --> 00:09:09,240
the right side. Many times in virtualization or

146
00:09:09,240 --> 00:09:11,730
Oracle VirtualBox if you want to get your get

147
00:09:11,730 --> 00:09:14,370
your mouse which is trapped inside the window if

148
00:09:14,370 --> 00:09:16,950
you want to get out of that and release your mouse

149
00:09:16,950 --> 00:09:21,420
you have to use this Right Ctrl key. Also in Linux,

150
00:09:21,420 --> 00:09:24,090
when we are using certain commands and you do

151
00:09:24,090 --> 00:09:27,300
Right Ctrl key, it will do a different function

152
00:09:27,300 --> 00:09:29,610
than then pressing the Left Ctrl key.

153
00:09:30,780 --> 00:09:34,890
Alright guys, so I hope now you understand each

154
00:09:34,890 --> 00:09:39,060
one of these keys and how to access them and how

155
00:09:39,060 --> 00:09:42,690
to pronounce these keys. Now maybe I have

156
00:09:43,080 --> 00:09:47,520
pronounced couple of them differently. Or maybe

157
00:09:47,520 --> 00:09:50,220
it's pronounced a different way depending on which

158
00:09:50,220 --> 00:09:53,280
country you are living. But that is perfectly fine

159
00:09:53,310 --> 00:09:56,940
as long as you know where and how to access each

160
00:09:56,940 --> 00:10:00,570
one of these keys. But in Linux world, most of the

161
00:10:00,570 --> 00:10:03,720
time that I have experienced these keys are

162
00:10:03,780 --> 00:10:06,540
accessed or pronounced the way I have explained in

163
00:10:06,540 --> 00:10:10,470
this lecture. Anyway, I hope this lecture served

164
00:10:10,470 --> 00:10:14,310
this purpose. And if you have any question, please

165
00:10:14,310 --> 00:10:17,790
do send me a message about any of these keys or if

166
00:10:17,790 --> 00:10:19,980
you don't understand the functionality of any of

167
00:10:19,980 --> 00:10:21,510
these keys. Good luck.

168
00:10:21,510 --> 00:10:23,147
[No audio]