1
00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:04,500
[Intro Music]

2
00:00:04,560 --> 00:00:06,420
Alright, now let me demonstrate to you

3
00:00:06,420 --> 00:00:08,430
how you could create a new user;

4
00:00:08,550 --> 00:00:11,070
and I will do that as a root user

5
00:00:11,100 --> 00:00:13,680
in Ubuntu Docker container. Please

6
00:00:13,680 --> 00:00:15,540
notice that if you want to create

7
00:00:15,570 --> 00:00:17,910
new users, you need to have root

8
00:00:17,940 --> 00:00:20,190
access to the system. And if you

9
00:00:20,190 --> 00:00:21,840
are a root user, you are good to go

10
00:00:21,840 --> 00:00:23,430
and you are able to create any

11
00:00:23,460 --> 00:00:25,890
other users. If you are logged

12
00:00:25,920 --> 00:00:28,260
in as a regular user, you need to

13
00:00:28,260 --> 00:00:29,910
prepend the commands that we will

14
00:00:29,910 --> 00:00:31,620
use here in this lecture and next

15
00:00:31,620 --> 00:00:34,530
lectures with sudo. And when you

16
00:00:34,530 --> 00:00:37,230
enter any command with sudo prefix,

17
00:00:37,260 --> 00:00:39,150
you will be asked for root

18
00:00:39,150 --> 00:00:41,280
password. And if you don't have

19
00:00:41,280 --> 00:00:42,960
access to root password, of course,

20
00:00:42,990 --> 00:00:44,970
you won't be able to perform such

21
00:00:44,970 --> 00:00:47,400
actions as creation of new users.

22
00:00:47,940 --> 00:00:49,890
All right, you are able to create

23
00:00:49,920 --> 00:00:51,900
new users using two different

24
00:00:51,900 --> 00:00:55,936
commands, either 'useradd' or 'adduser'.

25
00:00:55,936 --> 00:00:57,870
And first, let's have a quick

26
00:00:57,870 --> 00:00:59,850
look at help for those both

27
00:00:59,850 --> 00:01:02,760
commands. 'useradd --help'.

28
00:01:03,690 --> 00:01:05,310
And here you see different options

29
00:01:05,310 --> 00:01:07,260
that could be used along with this

30
00:01:07,260 --> 00:01:09,180
command. And you see that this

31
00:01:09,180 --> 00:01:11,070
command is used for creation of the

32
00:01:11,070 --> 00:01:13,470
new user. And here in place of

33
00:01:13,500 --> 00:01:16,110
LOGIN, you need to enter new user

34
00:01:16,110 --> 00:01:18,180
name for the user you want to add.

35
00:01:19,170 --> 00:01:21,000
Let's have a look at 'adduser'

36
00:01:21,000 --> 00:01:23,790
command. Clear terminal. 'adduser

37
00:01:23,820 --> 00:01:27,210
--help'. And here is a help page

38
00:01:27,240 --> 00:01:29,550
for 'adduser' command. And for

39
00:01:29,550 --> 00:01:32,740
example, with such option as '--home',

40
00:01:32,740 --> 00:01:34,200
you are able to set

41
00:01:34,230 --> 00:01:36,480
custom home directory for a

42
00:01:36,480 --> 00:01:38,850
specific new user. And here as

43
00:01:38,850 --> 00:01:41,310
USER, you should enter any user

44
00:01:41,310 --> 00:01:43,260
name that will be used for creation

45
00:01:43,260 --> 00:01:46,050
of the new user. Alright, I'll show

46
00:01:46,050 --> 00:01:48,180
you both commands in action. And

47
00:01:48,180 --> 00:01:50,700
let me start with 'useradd' command.

48
00:01:51,000 --> 00:01:52,800
Let me clear terminal; and enter

49
00:01:52,860 --> 00:01:56,100
'useradd'; and next, let me enter my

50
00:01:56,100 --> 00:01:58,230
name as username; 'useradd

51
00:01:58,290 --> 00:02:00,540
bogdan'. And you see that actually

52
00:02:00,540 --> 00:02:03,240
nothing happened. I saw no prompts.

53
00:02:03,270 --> 00:02:06,000
And it seems that new user was

54
00:02:06,000 --> 00:02:09,240
created. Let me now try to login as

55
00:02:09,240 --> 00:02:11,669
'bogdan' user. And you are able to

56
00:02:11,669 --> 00:02:13,889
log in as other user if you are

57
00:02:13,889 --> 00:02:15,930
already logged in as for example

58
00:02:15,930 --> 00:02:17,730
root user. And for that, you could

59
00:02:17,730 --> 00:02:21,180
use command 'su', this one. And next

60
00:02:21,210 --> 00:02:23,040
you could type simply username

61
00:02:23,070 --> 00:02:26,679
you want to log in with. 'su bogdan'.

62
00:02:26,679 --> 00:02:29,340
And notice that I was logged

63
00:02:29,400 --> 00:02:32,130
into other shell. And actually

64
00:02:32,130 --> 00:02:35,790
now you see 'sh' shell. As a root

65
00:02:35,790 --> 00:02:37,890
user, I was logged in into the bash

66
00:02:37,890 --> 00:02:40,440
shell. And from that bash shell, I

67
00:02:40,440 --> 00:02:43,500
was logged into 'sh' shell for 'bogdan'

68
00:02:43,500 --> 00:02:46,876
user. And if I enter here, 'whoami',

69
00:02:46,876 --> 00:02:49,830
I see 'bogdan'. And that

70
00:02:49,830 --> 00:02:51,870
means that now I'm logged in as

71
00:02:51,870 --> 00:02:53,940
'bogdan' user. But let's have a

72
00:02:53,940 --> 00:02:55,740
look at the contents of the folder

73
00:02:55,770 --> 00:02:59,250
I'm currently in 'ls'; and here I see

74
00:02:59,280 --> 00:03:02,400
error, 'Permission denied'. If I enter

75
00:03:02,400 --> 00:03:05,580
'pwd', I see that I'm still in the

76
00:03:05,610 --> 00:03:08,550
'/root' folder. But you could

77
00:03:08,550 --> 00:03:10,230
remember that this folder is

78
00:03:10,230 --> 00:03:12,390
actually home directory for root

79
00:03:12,390 --> 00:03:15,120
user. And this folder has read,

80
00:03:15,150 --> 00:03:17,400
write and execute permissions only

81
00:03:17,400 --> 00:03:20,340
for root user. And if I enter 'ls

82
00:03:20,370 --> 00:03:22,710
-la', and here type '/',

83
00:03:22,980 --> 00:03:24,780
you'll see this information here on

84
00:03:24,780 --> 00:03:27,480
this line. A root folder can be

85
00:03:27,480 --> 00:03:30,420
accessed only by root user. That's

86
00:03:30,420 --> 00:03:32,670
why if I try to access it here as

87
00:03:32,670 --> 00:03:34,620
'bogdan' user, I will get permission

88
00:03:34,650 --> 00:03:36,300
error. And that's fully correct.

89
00:03:36,570 --> 00:03:39,090
All right. That's how I was able to

90
00:03:39,090 --> 00:03:41,790
log into the 'sh' shell using

91
00:03:41,820 --> 00:03:44,730
different user. But let's try to

92
00:03:44,730 --> 00:03:46,080
list the contents of the home

93
00:03:46,080 --> 00:03:47,730
directory. I have told you that

94
00:03:48,180 --> 00:03:49,830
each user should have home

95
00:03:49,860 --> 00:03:52,906
directory, let's enter 'ls /home',

96
00:03:52,906 --> 00:03:55,860
and here I see actually no

97
00:03:55,890 --> 00:03:58,830
other subfolders. And that means

98
00:03:58,860 --> 00:04:01,980
that no home directory was created

99
00:04:02,010 --> 00:04:05,580
for this new user, 'bogdan'. And

100
00:04:05,580 --> 00:04:07,260
if you want to create a new home

101
00:04:07,260 --> 00:04:08,700
directory, you need to perform

102
00:04:08,730 --> 00:04:11,400
additional action. Also, this user

103
00:04:11,430 --> 00:04:14,550
doesn't have any password set. And

104
00:04:14,550 --> 00:04:16,709
if you will try to access this

105
00:04:16,740 --> 00:04:18,870
computer remotely and login as

106
00:04:18,870 --> 00:04:20,910
'bogdan' user, you will not be able

107
00:04:20,910 --> 00:04:22,529
to do so because there was no

108
00:04:22,529 --> 00:04:25,410
password for this user. Now let's

109
00:04:25,410 --> 00:04:27,899
go back to root user. And if you

110
00:04:27,899 --> 00:04:30,060
want to exit from current session

111
00:04:30,060 --> 00:04:31,710
for 'bogdan' user, you need to

112
00:04:31,710 --> 00:04:34,530
enter simply 'exit', and now I am back

113
00:04:34,560 --> 00:04:37,380
to bash shell for root user.

114
00:04:38,040 --> 00:04:40,170
Alright, next command that you need

115
00:04:40,170 --> 00:04:42,120
to use if you want to set up a

116
00:04:42,120 --> 00:04:46,479
password for specific user is 'passwd',

117
00:04:46,479 --> 00:04:48,989
and next comes username 'bogdan'.

118
00:04:48,989 --> 00:04:51,030
and here I could set a new

119
00:04:51,030 --> 00:04:52,860
password for a specific user.

120
00:04:53,070 --> 00:04:55,560
Let me set something random '123'.

121
00:04:55,710 --> 00:04:58,980
Here I'll retype '123'; and password

122
00:04:59,010 --> 00:05:00,660
was updated second successfully.

123
00:05:01,080 --> 00:05:04,170
And now I will be able to log in as

124
00:05:04,260 --> 00:05:06,450
regular 'bogdan' user using this

125
00:05:06,450 --> 00:05:08,370
password that I have just configured.

126
00:05:08,910 --> 00:05:10,950
Let's now again try to log in as

127
00:05:10,980 --> 00:05:13,170
'bogdan' user by typing 'su

128
00:05:13,230 --> 00:05:16,170
bogdan'. And you see that I wasn't

129
00:05:16,230 --> 00:05:18,300
asked for any password. And the

130
00:05:18,300 --> 00:05:20,250
reason for that is that I'm already

131
00:05:20,280 --> 00:05:22,050
logged into the system as a

132
00:05:22,050 --> 00:05:23,970
root user, and that's why there was

133
00:05:24,000 --> 00:05:26,340
no need to ask for password for

134
00:05:26,340 --> 00:05:29,070
other user. All right, that's

135
00:05:29,070 --> 00:05:30,930
how we were able to set password

136
00:05:30,960 --> 00:05:33,540
for a specific new user. But there

137
00:05:33,540 --> 00:05:35,670
was still no home directory for

138
00:05:35,670 --> 00:05:38,160
this user. Let me show you how you

139
00:05:38,160 --> 00:05:41,040
could create a new user with home

140
00:05:41,040 --> 00:05:43,260
directory. And first, let's simply

141
00:05:43,290 --> 00:05:45,510
remove this user that we have just

142
00:05:45,510 --> 00:05:47,550
created. And for that use following

143
00:05:47,550 --> 00:05:50,610
command, 'userdel', and next comes

144
00:05:50,640 --> 00:05:54,540
username, user was removed. And

145
00:05:54,540 --> 00:05:56,700
now let's create the same user back

146
00:05:56,700 --> 00:05:59,280
again, but with another option that

147
00:05:59,280 --> 00:06:01,230
will automatically create new

148
00:06:01,260 --> 00:06:03,780
home directory for this user. Let's

149
00:06:03,780 --> 00:06:07,290
type 'useradd --help'; and

150
00:06:07,290 --> 00:06:09,390
let's look for options that will

151
00:06:09,390 --> 00:06:11,430
create the home directory. And

152
00:06:11,430 --> 00:06:13,860
actually, I'm able to filter this

153
00:06:13,890 --> 00:06:16,290
output using pipe operator, '|', and here

154
00:06:16,290 --> 00:06:17,910
will be 'grep' command, we have

155
00:06:17,910 --> 00:06:19,140
already discussed this command

156
00:06:19,140 --> 00:06:21,900
before. And here type 'home' like so.

157
00:06:22,320 --> 00:06:24,780
And you see that with '-d'

158
00:06:24,780 --> 00:06:26,700
option, you are able to set

159
00:06:26,730 --> 00:06:30,060
specific home directory, or you are

160
00:06:30,060 --> 00:06:32,820
able to use '-m' option that will

161
00:06:32,820 --> 00:06:34,200
create a home directory

162
00:06:34,260 --> 00:06:36,510
automatically in the '/home'

163
00:06:36,540 --> 00:06:39,390
directory. Let's use '-m' option.

164
00:06:39,660 --> 00:06:42,600
Let's clear terminal, 'useradd

165
00:06:42,870 --> 00:06:45,510
-m'; and next comes username,

166
00:06:45,750 --> 00:06:47,880
'bogdan' again. And now let's

167
00:06:47,880 --> 00:06:50,130
list contents of the '/home' folder.

168
00:06:50,190 --> 00:06:52,620
And now you see new subfolder

169
00:06:52,680 --> 00:06:53,850
that was created here

170
00:06:53,880 --> 00:06:56,400
automatically; and name matches

171
00:06:56,520 --> 00:06:58,380
username for this user that we

172
00:06:58,380 --> 00:07:01,200
have just created. Let's list

173
00:07:01,200 --> 00:07:03,420
contents of this 'bogdan' folder;

174
00:07:03,600 --> 00:07:07,080
and let's add here options '-la'

175
00:07:07,230 --> 00:07:08,910
in order to see hidden files and

176
00:07:08,910 --> 00:07:11,730
see results in table format. And

177
00:07:11,730 --> 00:07:13,410
now I see that there are three

178
00:07:13,440 --> 00:07:17,025
hidden files, '.bash_logout', '.bashrc',

179
00:07:17,025 --> 00:07:19,560
and '.profile'; and those files

180
00:07:19,590 --> 00:07:21,900
were created automatically for this

181
00:07:21,930 --> 00:07:24,630
particular user. But now question,

182
00:07:24,840 --> 00:07:27,750
how Linux system decides which

183
00:07:27,780 --> 00:07:30,570
shell specific user should use by

184
00:07:30,570 --> 00:07:35,100
default. Let me show you 'ls /etc/

185
00:07:35,310 --> 00:07:39,030
default/useradd', there is such

186
00:07:39,030 --> 00:07:41,370
file located in '/etc/default'

187
00:07:41,370 --> 00:07:43,230
directory, let's have a look

188
00:07:43,230 --> 00:07:45,630
actually at this file using 'cat'

189
00:07:45,630 --> 00:07:48,240
command, and you'll see a set of

190
00:07:48,270 --> 00:07:50,760
default options that are used for

191
00:07:50,760 --> 00:07:53,580
creation of the new user when you

192
00:07:53,580 --> 00:07:56,490
enter 'useradd' command. And if you

193
00:07:56,490 --> 00:07:58,860
scroll up a bit, you'll see such

194
00:07:58,890 --> 00:08:01,710
variable that is set to '/bin/sh'.

195
00:08:02,940 --> 00:08:05,040
And that actually indicates default

196
00:08:05,070 --> 00:08:07,500
shell that will be used for new

197
00:08:07,500 --> 00:08:10,400
users that you create using 'useradd'

198
00:08:10,400 --> 00:08:13,100
command. And you are able

199
00:08:13,140 --> 00:08:14,940
actually adjust this default

200
00:08:14,940 --> 00:08:16,950
configuration file, you're able to

201
00:08:16,950 --> 00:08:18,420
uncomment some sections, you're

202
00:08:18,420 --> 00:08:20,220
able to add additional parameters,

203
00:08:20,310 --> 00:08:22,110
you are able to modify existing

204
00:08:22,110 --> 00:08:24,270
parameters and so on. And let's

205
00:08:24,300 --> 00:08:26,610
actually try to modify this file

206
00:08:26,790 --> 00:08:30,090
and adjust shell to be '/bin/bash'; and

207
00:08:30,090 --> 00:08:31,710
afterwards, let's try to create a

208
00:08:31,740 --> 00:08:34,140
new user. But first, let's log in

209
00:08:34,169 --> 00:08:36,360
as 'bogdan' user, and ensure that we

210
00:08:36,360 --> 00:08:38,700
will be logged in into the 'sh' shell.

211
00:08:38,970 --> 00:08:41,460
Let's clear terminal, and enter 'su

212
00:08:41,760 --> 00:08:43,710
bogdan'; and you'll see here that

213
00:08:43,740 --> 00:08:46,620
I'm logged in into the 'sh' shell as

214
00:08:46,620 --> 00:08:48,809
'bogdan' user; and we are able to

215
00:08:48,809 --> 00:08:50,669
verify which shell we are currently

216
00:08:50,669 --> 00:08:53,070
using by entering command 'echo

217
00:08:53,159 --> 00:08:56,340
$0'; and here I see 'sh'.

218
00:08:57,270 --> 00:08:59,310
Alright, let's now try to create a

219
00:08:59,340 --> 00:09:02,820
new user under this session. Let's

220
00:09:02,820 --> 00:09:04,860
try to enter 'useradd'; and for

221
00:09:04,860 --> 00:09:06,600
example, let's create a new user

222
00:09:06,630 --> 00:09:09,030
called 'test'. And here I see error

223
00:09:09,060 --> 00:09:10,800
'Permission denied'. And the reason

224
00:09:10,800 --> 00:09:12,360
for that is that I am trying to

225
00:09:12,360 --> 00:09:14,730
create a new user from a regular

226
00:09:14,760 --> 00:09:17,070
user session. And I have told you

227
00:09:17,070 --> 00:09:18,510
before that if you want to create

228
00:09:18,540 --> 00:09:20,430
new users, you need to have root

229
00:09:20,430 --> 00:09:22,620
privileges. And if you try to do

230
00:09:22,620 --> 00:09:24,810
so, as a regular user, you'll get

231
00:09:24,810 --> 00:09:27,060
definitely an error. All right,

232
00:09:27,210 --> 00:09:29,130
let's exit from the session. And

233
00:09:29,130 --> 00:09:32,010
now let's modify configuration file

234
00:09:32,040 --> 00:09:34,530
for 'useradd' command. Let's use

235
00:09:34,560 --> 00:09:37,680
Nano Editor. 'nano', here type a path

236
00:09:37,680 --> 00:09:39,780
to this configuration file. It is

237
00:09:39,780 --> 00:09:42,510
located in '/etc', I'll use absolute

238
00:09:42,510 --> 00:09:45,300
path, next 'default', and here will be

239
00:09:45,330 --> 00:09:47,760
'useradd' like this. And let's

240
00:09:47,760 --> 00:09:50,370
modify this line. 'SHELL' will be

241
00:09:50,400 --> 00:09:54,150
'/bin/bash' like so. Let's save

242
00:09:54,150 --> 00:09:58,290
changes, Ctrl + X, Yes, Enter, and let's

243
00:09:58,320 --> 00:10:00,000
read the contents of this file in

244
00:10:00,000 --> 00:10:01,680
order to verify that the changes were

245
00:10:01,710 --> 00:10:04,440
saved, and let's scroll up here.

246
00:10:05,759 --> 00:10:08,099
And yes, here's this change, 'SHELL'

247
00:10:08,129 --> 00:10:10,859
is set to '/bin/bash'. Alright, let's

248
00:10:10,859 --> 00:10:12,509
now create one more user. And

249
00:10:12,509 --> 00:10:14,969
again, I'll use option '-m', that

250
00:10:14,969 --> 00:10:16,499
will automatically create a new

251
00:10:16,499 --> 00:10:18,149
home directory for this new user.

252
00:10:18,359 --> 00:10:20,399
And afterwards, we will try to log

253
00:10:20,429 --> 00:10:22,769
in as a new user. Let's enter

254
00:10:22,769 --> 00:10:25,229
'useradd'; next comes '-m'

255
00:10:25,259 --> 00:10:27,089
option; and afterwards, let's enter

256
00:10:27,089 --> 00:10:28,919
username, 'test'. We will create a

257
00:10:28,949 --> 00:10:31,469
new user with username 'test'. Let's

258
00:10:31,469 --> 00:10:34,919
press Enter. And now let's use 'su

259
00:10:35,039 --> 00:10:37,349
test'; and now you'll see that I'm

260
00:10:37,349 --> 00:10:39,269
inside of the 'bash' shell. Let's

261
00:10:39,269 --> 00:10:42,059
type 'echo $0', and you

262
00:10:42,059 --> 00:10:44,609
see 'bash'. And notice that if you

263
00:10:44,609 --> 00:10:47,549
use 'su' command without any other

264
00:10:47,549 --> 00:10:49,589
options, then current working

265
00:10:49,589 --> 00:10:51,809
directory will remain unchanged.

266
00:10:52,019 --> 00:10:54,269
Notice that here I was inside of

267
00:10:54,269 --> 00:10:56,309
the home directory for root user,

268
00:10:56,399 --> 00:10:58,559
it is '/root'; and the when I

269
00:10:58,559 --> 00:11:01,439
have changed user, I still remain

270
00:11:01,469 --> 00:11:04,319
in this folder, '/root'. And if

271
00:11:04,319 --> 00:11:06,329
you don't want such behavior, you

272
00:11:06,329 --> 00:11:08,309
need to use additional option with

273
00:11:08,339 --> 00:11:10,259
'su' command. Let me show you that.

274
00:11:10,379 --> 00:11:12,869
Let's exit from here, and type 'su

275
00:11:12,899 --> 00:11:15,479
--help'; and here you'll see

276
00:11:15,509 --> 00:11:17,939
this option on this line. You

277
00:11:17,939 --> 00:11:20,789
could either use '-', or

278
00:11:20,819 --> 00:11:23,609
'-l', or '--login'; and

279
00:11:23,609 --> 00:11:24,989
with this option, you will be

280
00:11:24,989 --> 00:11:27,749
logged into new session completely

281
00:11:27,809 --> 00:11:30,359
from scratch as a new user. Let me

282
00:11:30,359 --> 00:11:33,179
show you that. 'su -', and here

283
00:11:33,179 --> 00:11:35,879
type username 'test'; and you'll see

284
00:11:35,909 --> 00:11:38,789
that I have changed user to test.

285
00:11:38,999 --> 00:11:40,919
And now I'm inside of the home

286
00:11:40,919 --> 00:11:44,069
directory for this 'test' user. And

287
00:11:44,099 --> 00:11:47,309
if I enter 'pwd', you'll see path

288
00:11:47,369 --> 00:11:50,519
to home directory for 'test' user, it

289
00:11:50,519 --> 00:11:53,729
is '/home/test'. Same

290
00:11:53,759 --> 00:11:56,009
applies to other users. For

291
00:11:56,009 --> 00:11:58,199
example, let's exit from here and

292
00:11:58,229 --> 00:12:01,079
'su -', and here type 'bogdan'

293
00:12:01,079 --> 00:12:03,299
username; and now I'm actually in

294
00:12:03,299 --> 00:12:06,779
the 'sh' shell, but if I enter 'pwd'

295
00:12:06,839 --> 00:12:09,359
you'll see the same picture. I'm

296
00:12:09,359 --> 00:12:11,639
inside of the home directory for

297
00:12:11,669 --> 00:12:14,369
this particular user. That's what

298
00:12:14,369 --> 00:12:17,309
this option '-' or '-l' does.

299
00:12:17,999 --> 00:12:19,589
Alright, that's how you could

300
00:12:19,589 --> 00:12:22,439
create new users using 'useradd'

301
00:12:22,439 --> 00:12:24,569
command. And with such option

302
00:12:24,599 --> 00:12:26,519
as '-m', you're able to

303
00:12:26,519 --> 00:12:28,259
automatically create a new home

304
00:12:28,259 --> 00:12:30,119
directory for a specific user.

305
00:12:30,479 --> 00:12:32,459
Great. Let's exit from here; and

306
00:12:32,459 --> 00:12:35,309
let's use a 'userdel' command in

307
00:12:35,309 --> 00:12:37,409
order to remove 'bogdan' user,

308
00:12:37,739 --> 00:12:39,659
and let's verify whether home

309
00:12:39,659 --> 00:12:41,909
directory for this user is still in

310
00:12:41,909 --> 00:12:44,279
place or not. Let's list files in

311
00:12:44,279 --> 00:12:46,889
home directory. And yes, I still

312
00:12:46,889 --> 00:12:48,929
see here 'bogdan' sub folder.

313
00:12:49,379 --> 00:12:51,269
And that means that 'userdel'

314
00:12:51,269 --> 00:12:53,099
command without any additional

315
00:12:53,129 --> 00:12:55,379
options does not remove home

316
00:12:55,379 --> 00:12:57,299
directory for a specific user.

317
00:12:57,749 --> 00:12:59,069
Let's have a look at the help

318
00:12:59,099 --> 00:13:01,068
options for 'userdel' command.

319
00:13:01,068 --> 00:13:04,289
'userdel --help'; and here in

320
00:13:04,289 --> 00:13:06,179
list of those options you see

321
00:13:06,209 --> 00:13:08,099
option '-r' that will

322
00:13:08,129 --> 00:13:10,259
automatically remove home directory

323
00:13:10,289 --> 00:13:13,049
for a specific user. Let's use this

324
00:13:13,079 --> 00:13:15,029
option in order to remove 'test'

325
00:13:15,029 --> 00:13:17,429
user. Let's enter 'userdel

326
00:13:17,639 --> 00:13:20,669
-r test'. You see warning

327
00:13:20,669 --> 00:13:22,589
that the test mail spool wasn't

328
00:13:22,589 --> 00:13:25,349
found, just ignore it. Let's list

329
00:13:25,349 --> 00:13:27,089
the contents of the home directory

330
00:13:27,089 --> 00:13:29,159
now, and I don't see 'test'

331
00:13:29,189 --> 00:13:31,349
subfolder here in this home folder.

332
00:13:31,919 --> 00:13:34,619
Let's also remove manually this sub-

333
00:13:34,619 --> 00:13:38,655
folder. Let's use 'rm -r /home

334
00:13:38,655 --> 00:13:41,129
/bogdan'; Enter; let's

335
00:13:41,129 --> 00:13:43,169
list contents of the '/home' directory;

336
00:13:43,289 --> 00:13:45,659
and now it is empty. Alright, that's

337
00:13:45,659 --> 00:13:46,859
how you would create the new

338
00:13:46,859 --> 00:13:49,619
users using 'useradd' command. With

339
00:13:49,649 --> 00:13:52,199
another command 'passwd' you are

340
00:13:52,199 --> 00:13:54,389
able to set password or modify it

341
00:13:54,479 --> 00:13:55,799
if it is already set for a

342
00:13:55,799 --> 00:13:58,469
particular user. And using 'userdel'

343
00:13:58,469 --> 00:14:00,299
command you are able to remove

344
00:14:00,359 --> 00:14:03,029
created user. Let's now proceed, and

345
00:14:03,029 --> 00:14:04,709
next let me show you another

346
00:14:04,709 --> 00:14:07,319
command 'adduser'. It is slightly

347
00:14:07,319 --> 00:14:08,849
different from 'useradd' command,

348
00:14:08,879 --> 00:14:10,889
but just with single command you're

349
00:14:10,889 --> 00:14:12,749
able to set the home directory,

350
00:14:12,749 --> 00:14:14,609
passwords, and other options if you

351
00:14:14,609 --> 00:14:16,529
want to do so. Let's talk about it

352
00:14:16,589 --> 00:14:17,879
in the next lecture. Bye-Be.

353
00:14:17,879 --> 00:14:20,010
[no audio]